A fistula is defined as an abnormal communication between two cavities or two vessels. Small fistulas (between an artery and another cavity / vessel) without hemodynamic impact (short-circuiting a small amount of blood) should not necessarily be closed. Large fistulas that have a hemodynamic impact (this happens when blood cannot go to the muscles but instead it goes into another cavity or artery) must be closed by a “coil” (fine wire twisted or loop). The metallic loop is mounted via a catheter where the communication is abnormal. The procedure is identical with coronary stent procedure, only that instead of the stent, a wire is implanted.
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What is measuring coronary functional reserve (fractional flow reserve measurement) with pressure sensor ?
It is a technique that determines whether a stenosis (narrowing) of the artery should be treated with stent or not. A special catheter is inserted into the body following the coronary catheterization technique. Through this catheter will be introduced a very delicate special “wire” that will have two sensors: in in the middle and another few centimeters before the end of the wire. Sensors determine blood pressure before and after the stenosis. This allows the cardiologist to decide whether to implant a stent or not.